Post by Andrei Tchentchik on Aug 15, 2019 11:25:05 GMT 2
(.#298).- Abduction stories by the extraterrestrials.
Abduction stories by the extraterrestrials.
Extraterrestrial abduction stories (also known as abduction in ufology circles) are one of the most controversial aspects of ufology and the UFO phenomenon. The first hypnotically reported abduction report was from Betty and Barney Hill in the United States in 1961. Since then, thousands of people, mostly in the United States, have claimed to have been abducted by extraterrestrials. Although the existence of a psychosocial phenomenon can not be ruled out, the controversy lies essentially in the opposition between the lack of scientific evidence and the sincerity of certain testimonies. In Hynek's classification system, abductions are listed as a "close encounter of the fourth type" (RR4).
Main characteristics of the stories
The stories often recount a thorough medical examination by the kidnappers, more or less painful or traumatic as the case may be, sometimes with the insertion of an implant in the brain, nose or sex mainly.
Other people claim that the extraterrestrials have abducted them to send them a message: ufology is nicknamed this type of "contacted" witnesses, to differentiate them from "abductees" or "ravis" (victims of abduction). (1.) George Adamski or Claude Vorilhon (aka Rael) are famous cases of people claiming to be "contacted". Chinese Meng Zhaoghu said he was kidnapped and abused by giant aliens with six fingers. The horrible creatures told him they lived on Jupiter. (2.) (3.)
Abduction narratives were analyzed from the 1960s with the Hill couple affair (considered to be the first case of "abductees"), which revealed an invariable part in narratives. (4.)(5.)(6.) (7.) (8.)
Invariants in the patient narrative
Under hypnosis, patients tell their memories, real or imagined, and often mention the insertion or removal of objects or biological material in various parts of the body in women and men or embryos in the body. uterus of the woman.
The analogy with science fiction stories
According to Michel Meurger, the ufological stories of kidnappings are only a continuation of the myth, present in the nineteenth century, of "criminal surgeons" or "doctors of the night". At that time, black Americans, living in crowded cities, represented their anxieties with a new imaginary linked to science. (9.)
Psychological and psychosocial explanations
Skeptical organizations and the vast majority of the scientific community reject extraterrestrial abductions. Based on the sociopsychological model of the UFO phenomenon, they explain that what motivates people to imagine and believe their stories is the combination of symptoms of sleep paralysis and false memory syndrome. These false memories are generated by a specific form of hypnosis, a so-called "regressive" hypnosis, frequently used by investigators who interrogate alleged victims of abduction and who are supposed to bring back to consciousness their locked experiences in their subconscious. (10.) (11.)
Problem of accuracy of hypnosis and reliability of memory
It has been shown that testimonials obtained under hypnosis may be inaccurate.(12.) (13.) In addition, recent research has shown the extraordinary malleability of memory. (14.) According to Elizabeth Loftus, a psychologist and memory specialist, the apparent sincerity of a witness in no way proves the veracity of her testimony. (15.)
Other explanations
Some authors like Elaine Showalter consider it to be a contemporary form of hysteria among others, such as dissociative identity disorder, chronic fatigue syndrome or the Gulf War syndrome. (16.) Another element to be taken into consideration is that some abductees present a personality inclined to the imagination, or at least a strong commitment to the imaginary, which would lead them to project it into the outside world. This personality would be non-pathological, because the subject does not suffer from it and would be adapted socially. Two famous examples in ufology of personalities considered as prone to fantasy would be Betty and Barney Hill or Whitley Strieber.
According to the study by psychologist Susan Clancy, a significant number of abductees have no memory of their abduction and consider themselves abducted only because of symptoms (depression, perennial dreams, marks on the body, etc.). ) that they interpret this a posteriori while they may have many other causes. (17.)
John E. Mack's point of view
According to John E. Mack, a psychiatrist who has been interested in "abductees," when we exclude accounts of psycho-embellishments or psychological explanations, there remains a significant number of testimonies of people whose sincerity and mental stability are not not questioned by psychologists or psychiatrists. Hypnosis also eliminates the hypothesis of false memories, sometimes even awakening in patients the memory of kidnappings they had forgotten. These people are often in great moral pain when they encounter the disbelief of those around them, and their stories have many similarities, including in the description of abductions, their recurrence throughout their lives and the trauma that represents each of them. (18.)
Rejection by scientists
Physicists generally give no credit to the explanation of these stories by an extraterrestrial cause. The absence of a tangible material trace makes these stories escape to the realm of physics, bringing them closer to medicine, psychiatry and sociology.
Famous abduction stories
George Adamski (1952 - United States).
Antonio Villas Boas (1957 - Brazil).
Betty and Barney Hill (1961 - United States).
Claude Vorilhon (1973 - France).
Pascagoula's abduction (1973 - United States).
Travis Walton (1975 - United States).
Kary Mullis (1985 - United States).
Whitley Strieber (1988 - United States).
Meng Zhaoghu (1994 - China).
Kirsan Nikolayevich Iliumjinov (1997 - Russia).
References
1.↑De Brosses 1995, p. 425.
2.↑Kohut 1994.
3.↑Wehrfritz 1997.
4.↑Jacobs 1992.
5.↑Jacobs 2014.
6.↑Donderi 2013.
7.↑Mack 2012, p. 56-59 and 63-68.
8.↑Mack 2014.
9.↑Meurger 1996, p. 23, 1st column, lines 2 to 16.
10.↑Nicholas P. Spanos, False Memories and Disorders of Multiple Personality,
1998, De Boeck University, p. 266.
11.↑False memories and multiple personality [archive] Written by Brigitte
Axelrad, November 25, 2009.
12.↑Mack 2012, Appendix A.
13.↑Hypnosis and false memories, by Frédérique Robin [archive], file "Hypnosis :
charlatanisme or medical advance? ", SPS No. 313, July 2015].
14.↑Gardier 2013.
15.↑TED Conference – 2013.
16.↑Showalter 1998.
17.↑Clancy 2005.
18.↑ www.m6.fr/emission-enquetes_extraordinaire/21-08-2013-
contacts_with_extraterrestres-2147529897.html [archive].
F I N .
Abduction stories by the extraterrestrials.
Extraterrestrial abduction stories (also known as abduction in ufology circles) are one of the most controversial aspects of ufology and the UFO phenomenon. The first hypnotically reported abduction report was from Betty and Barney Hill in the United States in 1961. Since then, thousands of people, mostly in the United States, have claimed to have been abducted by extraterrestrials. Although the existence of a psychosocial phenomenon can not be ruled out, the controversy lies essentially in the opposition between the lack of scientific evidence and the sincerity of certain testimonies. In Hynek's classification system, abductions are listed as a "close encounter of the fourth type" (RR4).
Main characteristics of the stories
The stories often recount a thorough medical examination by the kidnappers, more or less painful or traumatic as the case may be, sometimes with the insertion of an implant in the brain, nose or sex mainly.
Other people claim that the extraterrestrials have abducted them to send them a message: ufology is nicknamed this type of "contacted" witnesses, to differentiate them from "abductees" or "ravis" (victims of abduction). (1.) George Adamski or Claude Vorilhon (aka Rael) are famous cases of people claiming to be "contacted". Chinese Meng Zhaoghu said he was kidnapped and abused by giant aliens with six fingers. The horrible creatures told him they lived on Jupiter. (2.) (3.)
Abduction narratives were analyzed from the 1960s with the Hill couple affair (considered to be the first case of "abductees"), which revealed an invariable part in narratives. (4.)(5.)(6.) (7.) (8.)
Invariants in the patient narrative
Under hypnosis, patients tell their memories, real or imagined, and often mention the insertion or removal of objects or biological material in various parts of the body in women and men or embryos in the body. uterus of the woman.
The analogy with science fiction stories
According to Michel Meurger, the ufological stories of kidnappings are only a continuation of the myth, present in the nineteenth century, of "criminal surgeons" or "doctors of the night". At that time, black Americans, living in crowded cities, represented their anxieties with a new imaginary linked to science. (9.)
Psychological and psychosocial explanations
Skeptical organizations and the vast majority of the scientific community reject extraterrestrial abductions. Based on the sociopsychological model of the UFO phenomenon, they explain that what motivates people to imagine and believe their stories is the combination of symptoms of sleep paralysis and false memory syndrome. These false memories are generated by a specific form of hypnosis, a so-called "regressive" hypnosis, frequently used by investigators who interrogate alleged victims of abduction and who are supposed to bring back to consciousness their locked experiences in their subconscious. (10.) (11.)
Problem of accuracy of hypnosis and reliability of memory
It has been shown that testimonials obtained under hypnosis may be inaccurate.(12.) (13.) In addition, recent research has shown the extraordinary malleability of memory. (14.) According to Elizabeth Loftus, a psychologist and memory specialist, the apparent sincerity of a witness in no way proves the veracity of her testimony. (15.)
Other explanations
Some authors like Elaine Showalter consider it to be a contemporary form of hysteria among others, such as dissociative identity disorder, chronic fatigue syndrome or the Gulf War syndrome. (16.) Another element to be taken into consideration is that some abductees present a personality inclined to the imagination, or at least a strong commitment to the imaginary, which would lead them to project it into the outside world. This personality would be non-pathological, because the subject does not suffer from it and would be adapted socially. Two famous examples in ufology of personalities considered as prone to fantasy would be Betty and Barney Hill or Whitley Strieber.
According to the study by psychologist Susan Clancy, a significant number of abductees have no memory of their abduction and consider themselves abducted only because of symptoms (depression, perennial dreams, marks on the body, etc.). ) that they interpret this a posteriori while they may have many other causes. (17.)
John E. Mack's point of view
According to John E. Mack, a psychiatrist who has been interested in "abductees," when we exclude accounts of psycho-embellishments or psychological explanations, there remains a significant number of testimonies of people whose sincerity and mental stability are not not questioned by psychologists or psychiatrists. Hypnosis also eliminates the hypothesis of false memories, sometimes even awakening in patients the memory of kidnappings they had forgotten. These people are often in great moral pain when they encounter the disbelief of those around them, and their stories have many similarities, including in the description of abductions, their recurrence throughout their lives and the trauma that represents each of them. (18.)
Rejection by scientists
Physicists generally give no credit to the explanation of these stories by an extraterrestrial cause. The absence of a tangible material trace makes these stories escape to the realm of physics, bringing them closer to medicine, psychiatry and sociology.
Famous abduction stories
George Adamski (1952 - United States).
Antonio Villas Boas (1957 - Brazil).
Betty and Barney Hill (1961 - United States).
Claude Vorilhon (1973 - France).
Pascagoula's abduction (1973 - United States).
Travis Walton (1975 - United States).
Kary Mullis (1985 - United States).
Whitley Strieber (1988 - United States).
Meng Zhaoghu (1994 - China).
Kirsan Nikolayevich Iliumjinov (1997 - Russia).
References
1.↑De Brosses 1995, p. 425.
2.↑Kohut 1994.
3.↑Wehrfritz 1997.
4.↑Jacobs 1992.
5.↑Jacobs 2014.
6.↑Donderi 2013.
7.↑Mack 2012, p. 56-59 and 63-68.
8.↑Mack 2014.
9.↑Meurger 1996, p. 23, 1st column, lines 2 to 16.
10.↑Nicholas P. Spanos, False Memories and Disorders of Multiple Personality,
1998, De Boeck University, p. 266.
11.↑False memories and multiple personality [archive] Written by Brigitte
Axelrad, November 25, 2009.
12.↑Mack 2012, Appendix A.
13.↑Hypnosis and false memories, by Frédérique Robin [archive], file "Hypnosis :
charlatanisme or medical advance? ", SPS No. 313, July 2015].
14.↑Gardier 2013.
15.↑TED Conference – 2013.
16.↑Showalter 1998.
17.↑Clancy 2005.
18.↑ www.m6.fr/emission-enquetes_extraordinaire/21-08-2013-
contacts_with_extraterrestres-2147529897.html [archive].
F I N .
